Methods of Casting

In cooperation with the Script Writer

The first thing is done when the director will make a film is working with the author. Here sutaradara provide interpretation on the script that has been didevelop manuscript by the author. In fact, some directors are involved in writing the script back into a final script. Previous cooperation can be conducted between the director, writer, and producer. This involved cooperation with the term tri angle system.

Director Billy Wilder said: "Not too need a director able to write a script, but the most important, how the director should be able to read the script. Not easy to say in an author, "What does this mean, I do not get anything out of this script?."

Through this approach, and good relationship with the author between director, made the two professions to be a collaboration that is also good. director can become a co-writer and author of a script can imagine how a film menyutradari. Therefore, the author is not a little script can be a director. Differences between the two functions it can co-exist with each other.

Director Robert Mulligan have a different approach in this case, "No director should all write, but each author is expected to be mendirect. I did not write the words to paper in a (script), but I collaborate with the author secra effectively with the step-by-step way. When in the movie have a shot, I show on the author. If I have my ideas and proposals are serious. But I know that the correct decision in my hands. "

Conducting Casting

Film casting is the art behind the art, and it requires an eye and a deep feel for the talent or just the one intuitive perception of that one thespian who is the perfect choice to fill that one role in the film.

Sederhananya casting is the determination of the analysis based on a script for production. If the director has determined shooting date (assuming, of course, agreed with the producer), the next concern is the determination of the players (actors). Correct that there is a problem casting yankni take a casting department / casting Departement. But many in the film project, director fully involved in the process of casting this.

There are many methods of casting, including:

1. Casting by Ability

Based on the best selected for the role of key / primary and high difficulty.

1. Casting to Emosional Temprament

Choose a player based on personal observations of life, as have many of the same or a match with the role (of the same emotions, temprament, customs etc.).

This method of casting as many made by the Hollywood film.

1. Casting to Type

Elections based on the physical suitability of the players (high-body, body weight, body shape, etc.)

d. Casting against type

Elections to the character or physical, against this type of generality man often called the conventional casting education.

e. Therapeutic Casting

Determining a player or against the perpetrators of character with the original intent and purpose to cure or reduce the UNSTABIL soul.

Read More >>

Jobs List Of Film Production (Part 4)

Soundman: A man was going to be responsible for managing the necessary votes in filmmaking. Including measuring the strength of the boom in capturing the sound recording when shooting.

Ass. Soundman: A person who assists the Soundman to carry out their duties. Although the U.S. is an Oran which will go directly to check and adjust the power of sound in the recording process of shooting.

Graphic Designer: Is a person who has the task to design for all requirements in the production of films related to the graph. Including cover design makes the film cassette when they wanted to be marketed. Because it is a graphic designer does not arbitrarily make the cover tape. But there must be a correlation between the film's story with the cover, but it also can make people see the cover so interested to see the movie. Then the graphic designer will work under the producer marketing department.

Music Illustration: In this job an MI will be tasked with finding and which will determine the music that will be used in filmmaking. But it should also look at the theme, story ideas, and the atmosphere that existed at the film, so that between story and music to rhythm and for the audience will feel able to enjoy it.

Boom Operator: A man was on duty carry, organize, and direct the boom on the objects that were photographed. This was done to clarify the sound occurs when recording, because it will happen probably low sound. That will make between images and sounds do not match.

Talent Coordinator: A person who has a very tough task to help the director to master talent or the existing cast. This is so that when the drop occurs on the psychic talent does not mengganngu mood, mental, and the desire to showcase the role desired by the director. This often happens when a film production halted due to a constraint, and the talent loses his mood to continue shooting / take.

Still Photography: A man was in charge of perpetuating the image that qualify as documentation. And usually a SP will work with the script department continuity and cover designer. Because no connection between that department.

Main Title Designer: A person who is responsible for creating and designing the main title is required in a film that is being tilled. Including the credits roll, opening title and closing title. Because a good title will also bring in a filmmaking success. But still there must be relevance between the two.

Behind The Scene Director: A man was in charge of making a film base stations. With the intent and purpose to be able to see and correct the deficiencies and what to look for the perfection of making a film. So in other kesmpatan can take the experience contained on behind the scenes are made.

General Workman: Workman Usually in general there are a lot of people. Because GW has a very diverse tasks, depending on what the department needed help from the General Workman. So GW could be called sie. Super busy in the production of a film.

Generator Operator: A person who is responsible for managing the generator if needed. Because if there is shooting off site that does not exist then the flow of electricity needed to turn the generator for lighting, video control, and all necessary tools in filmmaking that uses the services of electricity. Included in the event of a power failure, generator operators must be alert to mengidupkan genset to the film production is not inhibited.

Catering Coordinator: A man was in charge of preparing and managing the necessary food or consumption during production. For example when shooting schedule breaks and lunch time, the catering coordinator serving food should be ready for lunch. Likewise, the other breaks. Usually catering department coordinator works under the ass. Producer.

Driver: This is a duty to always be ready to take and carry tools and other items used in film production. Included in the event of transfer of production sites.

Crane Operator: A person who is in charge of preparing the crane if necessary.

Dolly Operator: A person who is in charge of running the dolly if necessary. And when the dolly is needed, then the director will soon be a member to Dolly Operator command to quickly create and prepare the rails and carry out the dolly under the direction of the director.

Jimmy Jip Operator: A person who operates the Jimmy Jip duty if needed.

Read More >>

Jobs List Of Film Production (Part 3)

Property: A man was in charge of looking for all the goods or anything relating to the artistic. Although usually preformance of filmmaking using properties that are difficult to find, then a property will initiate the desired goods or equipment, or bring in tools from a distance in film for smooth production.

Technical Director: It is a charge of checking all the equipment that smells preformance techniques of making a film. If problems occur on the tools used will be the responsibility of a TD, although working with Director Engineer, and Electricians, depending on what tools the problems faced.

Ass. Technical Director: A person who will help to check all the equipment associated with the technique in film production. And a super fast ATD must work to overcome technical problems that exist, so that the production process does not stop long. So it does not disrupt plans have been made by the producer.

Engineer Director: It is an expert in the field engineer (machinery). Who shall serve to check and repair the damage that use machine tools, after receiving the command from the technical director.

Ass. Engineer Director: A person who assists the ED to address the problem of existing machinery. And in practice, an AED is a direct jump to to repair all the damage that occurs engineer.

Casting Director: A person who is in charge of looking (to casting) talent or a cast that will portray the character in a movie. But a CD is also still consider the director of command and desire to recruit talent. So it will get a talent that can be portrayed in the film with good characters that are intended on the manuscript and desired by the director.

Ass. Casting Director: A person who will assist the task of a CD seeking talen / cast is desired, although an ACD will work directly in the field for selecting.

Electrician: It is an expert in the field of electricity that will be on duty to check all the means of production-related electricity, an electrician will also be assisted by technical director and director engineer, because mutual each other.

Ass. Electrician: A task that will help the electrician in the electric field when an issue occurs. And AE will plunge into the field immediately to cope with the guidance of chef electrician.

Clapper: A man was on duty at the time will show kliper shooting. And a Clapper has also served to replace the existing text in kliper. Like the turn of the scene, shoot, and take.

Script Continuity: It is a duty to observe and document a shooting. So there is no jumping at every follow-up scene in the movie. So if there is an ambiguous image in the shooting, then it is the fault of a SC which is less detailed story see the sequence of a scene being photographed. So to become an SC should have a thorough and tenacious nature.

Read More >>

Jobs List Of Film Production (Part 2)

Director Of Photography: It is a right hand of a director on the picture imaging. Because a DOP will determine what angle to be used on film shoots. And a DOP must understand the basics and the meaning of an angle in filmmaking. So between the story, atmosphere, and the shooting technique is not ambiguous. As this will be felt if the film was finished. The audience will feel less fit to see an image that is not harmonious with the atmosphere and story.

Ass. Director Of Photography: An ass. DOP has a duty to help a DOP. But helping the implementation of the field when the film production runs. Ass. DOP will direct and give the intention of the angle used to the director, cameramen, and artistic. So there will be harmony between the attitudes, images, meaning angle and background.

Story Boarder: A man was in charge of making images that have been designed according to the angle made by a DOP yag and intent of a director, but it will also provide insight to the artistic team for arranging and setting the place (venue) as contained in the image created by a story boarder.
Ass. Story Boarder: An Ass. SB is a waterfall that will give direction to the concerned (director, cameramen, artistic). While the SBE will act as the conceptor only.

Cameramen: A mainstay of the trust director to take a picture that has been in concept by the SW and Director. While the shooting should be according to shootlist have been made by a DOP. And his duties with the help of illustrations of a Story Boarder.

Ass. Cameramen: A man who helped take pictures of the other blade but still with a guide shootlist made a DOP. Because if the film-making requires more than one camera, then an Ass. Cameramen who was in charge of implementing it.

Editor: It is a mainstay of director on the film editing. Since in the editing process this will result mempenaruhi last couple of films, whether good or bad. Because of an editor should be able to give the impression of perfection in the film, if there are pictures or kuran low either. And the editor was a man who would become the deciding success or failure of the film when it was marketed.

Ass. Editor: His task help an editor make a sequence of frames in the desired and expected by a director. So preformance practice an editor is the drafter, and an Ass. The editor is the executor.

Sound Editor: It is an expert in the field of sound to be inserted in each frame on the film done.

Ass. Sound Editor: A man who served as the executor of the will to use audio editing film preformance. Including if sprinkle sound effects if the original sound is not feasible to include in the frame. So the task of Ass. SE is looking for, create, annotate other effects similar to effects / sound of the original.

Special Effects Editor: A person who is in charge of making the desired special effects such as a director but still sticking to the script there yan. Although a SEE is the conceptor.

Ass. Special Effects Editor: A man was helping the SEE to find, create, and provide the desired special effects such as a director. These special effects have more value in a film, because it will give a strong character in the film that can not be generated through the camera shots.

Chef Lighting: A master of lighting in film production. Although usually a chef is only as a drafter and lighting director lightingman it.

Lightingman: It is a chef who will help arrange the lighting to the required light in every scene in the making of a film. And lightingman work according to the direction of Chef Lighting as the conceptor.

Art Director: trust is an expert in the field of artistic director. Art Director will lead a department that is in the shade. (Makeup, stylish, set builder, wardrobe, properties).

Make Up: It is an expert makeup contained on the art department in charge make up the cast is desired by scenario / script and director.

Stylish: It is a grammar expert stylish / hair that will be tasked with realizing the scenario and the director wants. Gives the same impression with the manuscript.

Set Builder: It is an expert in arranging space and property used in the filming. But the story board should look at existing, as well as shootlist that has been made so as not to be confused with the manuscript.

Wardrobe: A man was in charge of determining the costumes and clothing worn by a cast in a movie scene. But considering the manuscript, and the story.

Read More >>

Jobs List Of Film Production (Part I)

Beraudiovisual's friends, when we're watching a movie, then we must know who the people are behind the film. The following is a list of jobs in film production.
 

Cast: A cast character in a story to be filmed. A cast will perform his duties as a figure who has been determined by a text story. With a plot that has been written by the playwright. In addition, a cast must portray the character and expression with the direction of a Director.

Story Idea: An idea that makes the story will be filmed. Usually a story idea also had a role in making the manuscript

. Script Writer: It is a playwright who has got the acc from a story idea to create your manuscript story. Because a script writer should be able to get a taste (feel) the manuscript made the story.

Ass. Script Writer: A helper script writer. Usually an Ass. SW will be typing and writing it. So the SW can also be called a conceptor, was the realization is ass. SW.

Executive Producer: A exc. Producer is a leader and regulator of all activities in filmmaking. Producer also managing finances, making shooting schedule, and other problems in the domestic production of a film. In addition, producers must prepare a plan. For example plan A, plan B, plan C, even up to tens plan. This is so that if the main plan failed, then the stock plan will be used, because in order for a production is not chaotic rundown of his schedule as planned. So a producer must be sensitive to the problems and constraints in a film production, and soon took the decision to act, so that production remains smooth.

Ass. Producer: Is a person who assists the work of a producer. AP is usually called the unit manager. So the task is a unit manager of financial and management problems. While a producer is only as the head in the production of a film.

Marketing Producer: A producer marketing division. That is, those in charge of marketing a film to the public so that the film can be enjoyed by the audience. A producer maketing very influential on behavior or failure of a film market.

Director: It is one with the second highest position after the producer. A director is the leader of all the crew in the production of a film. In addition to the creator of a movie scene, directors also must master the technical and non technical in filmmaking. So almost all aspects of film production must be controlled by a director, including in matters of film editing. Seoran director also has the task to accompany a preformance editor to edit the film, so the story remains film preformance largely what a film director as a drafter.

Ass. Director: A man was helping the duty of a director. But usually an ass. Director is the person who deal directly with the cast / characters. Including directing styles, expressions, gestures and other body, after receiving the command from an executive director.

Read More >>

Basic of Shot I (shot composition)

The Basics "Shot"

Hello beraudiovisual's friends. When we watch a film or show on television, we are actually watching a series of shots within a scene, and a series of scenes in a sequence, and so on until we see it as a whole shows or movies.

What Is Shot?

The simple definition is like this:
When we press record button until we press the same button again, then it is a one shot.
Although only a second or even up to one hour from beginning to end, whether moving or not.

A good shot is a shot that is able to deliver the message.

The series of shots is able to provide stories that can be understood by the audience. unfortunately not all messages can be conveyed with good and trouble is this is because of "mistakes" of the creator of the message.
why?
because the shot should not only technical matters, mechanical, and aesthetic. Delivering the message will also deals with philosophy and philosophy of the shot.

Shot Size

shot size is the size of the subject in a frame.
type of shot is composed of:

ECU: Extreme close-ups (detail shot)

VCU: Very close-up (facial shots) from the top of head to chin.

BCU: Big close up (CU tight, full head) face fills the screen

CU: Close-up. From head to shoulders

MCU: Medium close-up

Knee, 3 / 4 shot: knee

MLS: Medium long shot

ELS: Extra Long Shot (extreme LS, XLS)

each size of shot has a different meaning when it is implemented in a shooting.

Long shot
In general, the use of this shot will be done if:
- To follow a wide area or when a scene "walk faster".
-to indicate where the scene was (indicate where).
-to show progress.
-to show how the position of the subject has a relationship with others.

Medum shot
This type of shot as the most commonly encountered in film and television. This type of shot is the most secure, because there is no special emphasis as well as long shots and close shots. all the scenes can be displayed with a neutral in this shot.

Close shot
Television is a medium close-up. Initially the premise is there as it pertains to technical terms.
- First. event with television media should be shown in close up because of the size of a small television when compared to the movie screen.

- Second. different from the movies, television shows watched by just a glance, and would be more suitable for displaying images with a close shot (solid)

need to understand precisely the meanings that ditampilkjan when the shots were made in close-up.
close-up effect is usually, would seem more dominate, suppress. no aesthetic sense, there is also a psychological meaning.

Read More >>

SHOOTING PREPARATION

Hello beraudiovisual's friends. Brainstorming same author is a script, find the players have been through the casting, then the preparation must be done especially with a director? 

Discussions with crew 

Yes, discussions with the other crew is not less important. One is a discussion with Art Artistic Director alias Playground. Some directors like to make sketches and happy, this is a material that can be discussed with an artistic Playground, although the sketches can still be shaped elemeter only. An artistic Playground will provide input and ideas set to be built. While the idea of governance artitistik be a director or art director himself. Producers are usually also involved, because the administration will deal with the artistic problems budgeting. 

Director also discussed with the Organized camera or DOP (Director of Photography). Composition, angle, camera movement, are discussed in detail. Some camera director sometimes operate their own, such Director Dimas Jay and Rudy Soedjarwo in several films. 

Shooting Schedule 

Scheduling shooting after director to breakdown the script, in this case the director is usually assisted by the Assistant director. When the assistant director to make lay out shooting schedule, one thing which the attention is the page that has been given a script page numbering, where the director can make the image / shooting. 

Location selection 

Elections location shooting is important. Some movies are made with the actual location, as described in the script. However, in fact sometimes location shooting "should be adjusted" with a budget that had been budgeted producers. Because of several factors, the location shooting the film "Ayat-Ayat Cinta", which should be conducted in Egypt, were forced to move to India and several locations in Indonesia. In Hollywood on business there, the location shooting is not seribet in Indonesia, because they have a studio that is also fully in India. For example, for setting the supermarket they live studio bersetting supermarkets. Now I in Indonesia? we do not have a studio like it there. For shooting with the settings in the supermarket before we use a real supermarket. Yes, of course, this certainly requires special handling.

Read More >>

Multicamera Shooting Format

Hello beraudiovisual's friends. If a production is divided based on the camera used, then there are two types, the first television production using a camera or singlecam system, if the second production using more than one camera, multicam system. There are many differences between the two systems, both in the equipment used and the process works. If a television production can be made with the system singlecam, why should there multicam? 

Multicamera shooting format is using more than one camera, linked through a system that is integrated. So, if using more than one camera when not integrated with one another then the format has yet to be classified as multicam system. Sedangnkan terms of delivery can be broadcast directly (live) or pause live (live on tape). The type of television that multicamera use of them: talkshows, sitkom, game shows, music shows, quizzes, magazine, variety show. 

Unlike the system singlecam, equipment used in multicam far more complex, much of the equipment used. At least under this equipment is used in the shooting with multikamera system. 

* Cameras 

* CCU / Camera Control Unit 

* Vision Mixer / Switcher 

* Monitor 

* Video Tape Recoder 

* Character Generator 

* Waveform 

* Talkback 

* Teleprompter 

* Audio Mixer 

* Audio Set / (Clip On, Boom Mic, etc.) 

All equipment on the divided into two places, ie, in or in the studio and on the Master Control Room / MCR. 

Cameras 

In general there are three types of cameras used for television production, that is, the camera ENG or Electonic News Gathering. ENG camera appropriate name usually used for coverage in the field or outdoor. The second is the type of camera or EFP Electronic Field Production, which is a type of camera dipeuntukan production for both indoor and outdoor. And the third is a studio camera, which is the type of camera that is designed for the studio that is usually used with the indoor location. 

Then the camera which is used in multicam system? In fact almost all of the camera can be used in the production sitem multikamera. However, the most commonly used, of course, is a studio camera or at least the camera EFP. Due to the two types of camera, especially on the studio camera features that can be fully integrated with one another. 

CCU / Camera Control Unit 

This is a tool that can control some functions of the camera. Which can be controlled or replaced its function through this tool are the lighting (brightness contrast), color temperature (color temperature), speed (SHUTTER speed), white balance, color and hue (red, green, blue). Number of CCU used exactly the same number of cameras used for each camera is controlled by the CCU. 

Vision Mixer 

One tool to manage the complete selection of images with different types of transitions. Many types of vision mixer, from the most simple, which only has three sources with a single source input ouput up with the most complete source of tens of input and output. The tool is shaped keyboard with many buttons with their respective functions. 

Monitor 

Work to see the visual display produced from the camera. A large monitor that is used, of course, depends on how the camera used. There are a variety of sources monitor the camera, preview monitor, and monitor the end results. 

VTR / Video Tape Recorder 

VTR / Video Tape Recorder or also called VCR / Video Cassette Recorder is used to record the results of shooting. There are two types of VTR used the VTR is used to record and VTR is used to show the source / video play back that have been made previously, also known as VT. 

Character Generator 

Also called the CG or Chargen, is to create and display the title, sub title. And the required graphic impression in television production. There is a keyboard-shaped dihugungkan directly to the vision mixer, there is also a unit beerbentuk stand-alone computer that can be linked to the vision mixer. 

Waveform 

This tool is used to measure the quality of the video produced by each of the camera and VT. Can also be used for audio. Waveform graphic display of a parameter or the reference that can be used whether the quality of video and audio expectations are appropriate or not. 

Talkback 

For means of communication between the crew involved in the production of a television multikamera with the necessary means of communication. This vital tool called talkback. Unlike the camera ENG, EFP in camera and camera studio, talkback be integrated directly on the camera. Talkback consists of the microphone and headset. 

Teleprompter 

Not all production multikamera need this tool, it depends on the type of events produced. This is a tool for the anchor of the event or to convey information. One set of equipment consists of a monitor that is integrated in the camera and a computer unit in the MCR. 

Audio Mixer 

The voice is done using audio mixer, which not only set a high volume of low sound produced but includes various audio overall. 

This is how Peralatan Integrated? 

As described above that one of the terms of a production dikatan using multicamera system, when each tool is integrated with one another. The simple skematik are as follows: The camera is connected to the CCU, CCU's entry to the source input Vision Mixer, Mixer's Vision issued through VTR

Read More >>