The Importance of Lighting in Film Production

Film has integrated the various elements of the story to change the script of life in a story on the screen. Among the technical elements - sound, lighting and editing - the lighting is a special role. In theater, the audience views the motion picture with synchronized audio track. All visual impressions on the viewer depends on how the proper lighting.

Although you can choose from a variety of kits available on the market of lighting conditions, but some of the basics, you can also build a working light kit using components commonly available and inexpensive. From a local hardware store you can buy the lights of metal reflectors, which are used in repair shops. These can be hung on a clip closed, and portable. You can use the bulbs the desired effect and color them.

The other extension is very useful, you must have a good stock of them. You need it, almost everywhere, but especially for lighting. You can also have an adjustable, said three-feet. These can be used to mount clips or lights with light diffusers. To have a white board to balance the white light, while the film will be something else useful to do. These can also be used as reflectors to bounce light on an object.

The last item in your toolbox will be a light diffuser. It is a kind of white see-through thin. To shed light on this issue on one side and diffuse, or shall we say, "spread" the light coming from the other side and the brightness. With this technique, the object does not seem too bright or "hot".

You should be aware that no light is always white and have different colors. Normally, you will discover when you begin using the camera. For example, if you draw a night in a room that has a tungsten bulb, the movie will be yellow. Similarly, the fluorescent light gives green. If you pull out, the effect of light is blue, especially if you shoot in a shadow.

If you want an impressive effect of natural light, hit the target when the sun goes down. The light at this time gives a wonderful light caramel color. But you have only minutes to complete your shot before the sun goes down. However, if you're smart and keep ready, you can take great pictures. You can use this time for your filming activities, particularly in the latter part of months of spring or summer of the year.

You might also like to learn the basics of 3-point lighting standards in place that is the standard technique used by camera men and photographers. As its name suggests, uses three lights for different purposes: the light shines first or main object is deleted the second light in the shadow of the first light, and a third light is used behind the subject to the incorporation of the dimension of object. You can adjust the lights to achieve the desired result you want. This technique of birth to three points, is widely used in different ways. So you may want to practice this technique and see how it works.

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10 Tips That Will Help To Make Your Short Film Better

Beraudiovisual's friends, here is a listing of some of the most essential factors to keep in mind when making a short film. Following these recommendations can help you prevent the more common problems. While these are just recommendations, they may almost certainly increase each your film as well as your filmmaking experience.

1.    Make sure you have a story worthy of informing
Could you sit through the short film when someone else had made it? The answer for the unexpected quantity of shorts isn't. Think about this problem even before you begin writing the set of scripts.

2.    Don’t start production without a budget
Films, it doesn't matter how easy, have a price -- and money is definitely restricted. Start by making sure you have a budget (a simple spread sheet may carry out), you are able to choose in advance where you desire to spend no matter what money you've. Without a price range, you are able to almost guarantee that you'll possibly waste your money as compared to you want, or perhaps end up without the completed film.

3.    Find all clearances before filming
You may need, need, NEED releases through actors, music/artwork contributors, and also someone else who creates content that will shows up in the film. Getting settlement signatures before the shoot is easy and takes you times. After the shoot, it may be hard to not possible. Don’t obtain caught, do it.

4.    Make the film shorter than you wish
Writer/directors usually generally leave things in the film that the viewers can definitely do without. It’s so distressing to cut away stuff that were difficult to shoot. Be sure to undertake it. Your viewers may thanks a lot.

5.    When you use non-professional actors, cast with character
In my opinion undesirable acting is really common in short films because people are usually requested to learn characters that don’t resemble their personalities. The dirt-poor professional actor or actress can easily depict the swagger and also confidence of the billionaire – but many newbees can’t. If your direct is an anal-retentive tightwad, don’t cast the slovenly shirker to learn him or her.

6.    Invest in great audio
Poor audio quality can make many short films (even ones with excellent stories) unbearable. There are no real substitutes to get a good boom mike. Beg, buy, or perhaps borrow one and it'll multiple the probabilities your film is going to be watch-able.

7.    Repair it right now, not in post-production
Without Digital Domain or WETA on your side, most post-production fixes don’t look/sound very good and take A Considerable time. If you have an error within framing, conversation, or perhaps other things that may be fixed on the shoot, do it!

8.    Don’t  zoom in a shot
Don’t touch that zoom button! A very excellent cameraman can produce a zoom look Fine. In almost all cases, though, using zooming is the characteristic of the depressing work. If you want to push in on the subject, work with a dolly, video camera glider, or perhaps a cut.

9.    Be aware of indie/video clip clichés
The most typical clichés include using fantasy sequences, a lot of dissolves/wipes, long credit sequences, or waking to a ringing alarm. There actually seem to be several sites devoted exclusively to citing indie/video clip clichés. Understand what the actual clichéersus are so you can create a smart option on whether to use them or not.

10.    Unless you’re filming on film, avoid night time exteriors
The dark is the enemy of all video cameras. You’ll become familiar with noise, color shifting, definition drop-out, and much more if you decide to shoot at night and not using a medium size equipment and lighting package. This’s commonly better to change the set of scripts than handle all these problems.

Are you ready to make a short film now? Yeah! Just Make It!

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Tips For Using a Television Studio Cameras

Hello, Beraudiovisual's friends. Do you know, the difference between the filming of a television studio and a portable camcorder amateur is like going from a moped to a Harley Davidson. If you shoot in a studio, you're probably working on a talk show or news broadcast, so that this information applies primarily to people.

1. First understand what you do not have to. Exposure is controlled by the video engineer, who is also responsible for ensuring that the cameras are aligned so that the colors match. A good engineer must regularly match the color saturation and to ensure that the emphasis on performance is constant.

2. The cameraman in the studio, you are responsible for focusing, framing and composition. Some leaders are open to show them the proposed strike. Another rule with an iron fist, and want only what they expect. When working in a variety of animals, you know what they want.

3. Understanding third parts of the camera and what they do. You have a studio type viewfinder that displays an image in black and white. You will see the entire video image so that the design, the realization that, after

the release of most TVs will not see the edges you do, then add a margin around your ideal image. Always start with the configuration of your monitor bar. Unlike a camera in the new configuration, ENG, you have no chance to make a diopter adjustment so it is essential that if you need glasses you use them. Choose reading glasses, long distance impostors or even bifocals to ensure a clear direction.

4. Make sure the phone works both ways so you can listen to your manager and contact her. Since working in a direct cut, remember that you are hearing a lot more than you. I pulled many a show without a word to the control room. While the main off-line, had no time for anything but the most important observations of cameramen.

5. From the top you have a camera on a tripod, is to expand the handlebars like a motorcycle. On the left you will find your focus controller, manual tube connected to the cable is pushed in front of goal. When it puts the focus on change. On the right side is the zoom control, which is motorized. Tripod vary depending on configuration. Find out where the locks and drags you have. Cancel locks and make sure that the camera head is perfectly balanced from front to back. If you can not frame a shot and look to drift downwards or upwards. Set the drag so you can apply with equal force and pan and tilt.

6. As soon as you adjust the viewfinde and stand, ask the technician to take the camera away from the bars. Discover how much energy it takes a motorized zoom lens zoom control to achieve the desired speed. I do not know in which direction to push the zoom zoom in and where to go. Orientation, to learn that the direction of changing the focus from the knobs, or closer. You should know instinctively guided, so that you do not think when given the command. In practice, the wheels in motion PEDS truck or doll. Ped up and down to learn a lot about the power you need.

7. Understanding the controls. Others are implied. If they tell you to approach a person will automatically be inclined to give your site the subject's head. Do not forget to tilt down as you zoom. In a study environment that are generally designed to promote a subject, maybe two. The directors hope to keep these people adequately supervised after receiving your order. "To Peter" or "to stand" is a vertical movement of the camera pedestal. Below is the opposite. Dolly inside or outside refers to the camera roll toward or away from someone. Road transport is rolling the camera left or right. D'arc is to create a curve with his camera rolling. Zoom Zoom presses alone. A place is just the opposite. Pan is an axis from left to right in the camera head. Inclination is to turn your head up or down. Be sure to leave a gap of lead, so a person is slightly off center. If you talk about a topic more space on this side.

Advice

As mentioned above, you must have the focus back. Be sure to zoom in on your subject's eyes and then extend their framework to the end.

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Characteristic of Physical ("How to build characters in the film" PART 1)

Beraudiovisual's Friends, do you know that the audience would be interested in watching a movie if the characters were interesting. That is, the characters are not ordinary characters but can be accepted by the audience.

Does it should be the real figures?
Who can say Rambo figure, McGyver, or the character James Bond was real? They accepted only by the imagination of spectators. Precisely figure who really real at times even difficult to accept the audience because of the lack of supporting information that can make it interesting.

James Bond is not a real figure

Spectators can be made interested in the figures, if the characterization of these figures is made clear. In general, basic information about the characters that need to be disclosed to the audience is to include:

1. characteristic of the physical / biological
2. characteristic of psychic
3. characteristic of the mind
4. characteristic of cultural
 
Let us begin to discuss one by one. First of all, are physical characteristics / biological.
Physical characteristic are included name, age, height, weight, physical specificity, body movements, facial expressions, etc..
Person's name is also sometimes able to explain the ethnic origin and may also show interest and social level. People with the name Kris Patikawa could soon be known by almost all the audience from which the region of origin, especially Pardjo Legowo. Try to guess the origin of the Edi Silitonga, Michelle Kim, and Erick Catwalk. Predictable is not it?

Name
The person whose name Sarimin, for Javanese show he came from below, different from the person whose

Name is important

name Joyokusumo. Named Ahmad, Aisha, and so on, shows the character of a family close to the Islamic religion. Characters that use the name Westernized, have a tendency as Christians, especially if it has a baptismal name. Robert Tanumiharja or Michael Bunawan be thought to have come from ethnic Chinese, because adapting the Tan clan and Bun.
 So naming the character (fictional) should be considered in order to give effect to the audience an understanding of these names. That name should be easily pronounced by the player. If the name is hard to say, it will make the pronunciation of the name is not so clear from the mouth of the actor. Avoid names of actors in a movie about the same sound, this will cause confusion to hear, such as the name Elin and Elen, or there are two characters named Ira and Fira.
 

Age

Age makes a different character

Age is very important to be disclosed in the scenario. So that the reader, either director or actors, can make interpretation of the attitude and manner appropriate response. Since Angelica is 17 years old will have a different attitude in front of his father's employees, compared with 30-year-old Angelica.

Determination of age of these players should be supported by any form of action the offender. That is, if the actors is determined 35 year-old Brenda and normal psychic, then all behavior must be described that she was a normal woman in that age normally. Different if it is determined that he was flirtatious, but it should also be flirtatious age of 35 years. If she's sassy as a child of 17 years, people would say the character is weak.


Physical
How tall, weight, and specificity of physical shape is also important to apply to the scenario. Tall, short, skinny, sexy, slim, tall, stocky, would greatly affect one's attitude. A stocky usually knows himself, if he applies flirty,

Identification of diferent physic

then the character has a disability, otherwise it will upset the audience. Burly-looking man or woman who is beautiful body, would seem more confident. But it certainly could have been a well-built, it would seem weak with mental disorders has. Seven Samurai movie makes character with thick dimension by creating a character, but emaciated fighting experts.

Appearance is very important to explain, because the tall, skinny, short, only sectoral information. Appearance are totality that can represent the personality of the characters. It could be a physically less, giving the appearance of sympathetic and impressive, while the flawless looks and athletic body, looking obnoxious.

Body movement
Movement actors are often not included in many of our scenarios. Until the pages of the scenario there wasonly a dialogue, as in the dramatizations. Actually, in a conversation scene, shall be shown how the dialogue is spoken and how the responses given in the action. When John insult to Steve, and who despised it just take it easy, then the audience will make an important interpretation of the Steve. Questions can be answered with action, should not the dialogue again. Actor can be ordered to move to give break to answer, or delay the answer to increase the tension.

 

Facial Expressions
Facial expression are reflection of the psychological disorder. Even his health condition. At the very least, need to explain what the expression is, in outline, and if there are typical. As expressions of fierce, scary, cool, cloudy. It can also be combined with each other. with facial expressions as opposed to the mental condition. For example, a person known as a detractor, but his face is always shown friendly smiles. But of course the actor should be able to transform the face is always smiling and the audience still able to capture that character portraying the slanderers. Eyes as well so have an important role. Screenwriter must include a good description that can be turned on by the actor who plays a relevant role, so the audience can give the right perception, even without the help of dialogue.

Some of the above is included in the physical characteristics / biological. The next characteristic we will discuss in next article characteristic of psychic. How? Can be understood? If there are less understood, or there are additional, please comment: D

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Important Points Before Writing The Scenario

Suit yourself while writing

Beraudiovisual’s friends, are you learn to write scenario this time? If yes, then there are some things you must know before writting scenarios. The scenario is the most important element in a film production (television) because it is a necessary element  earliest as a draft to make a film.

 
Basic story

Before creating the scenario, we need to know what we write. You do not immediately rush, the first scene. The first thing we need is the basic story (basic story), a statement of who, when, why, where and how the things we want to create a scenario. Basic story, we can also express as a summary of the general or global view.

Character

In a scenario that we create, numbers will appear. We need to recognize and deeper. Worth a lot. We know how to figure the dialogue, thinking and acting. We will know how the hero would solve the problem. Also, conflict as between one character with another character.

In this phase, the player search (casting), explanations of characters is also very helpful to have created the appropriate player to play the character. In addition to the player himself will be easier to understand the character he was playing.

For the development of character, we can do this by providing data on: the full name and calls, religion, age, familial relationships and friendships, favorite (science, movies, music, sports, reading, eating), physical characteristics, intelligence, fashion style, manner of speaking, properties, houses and others.

Set / Location

To create a scene, we must determine the sets and locations (where the scene takes place) in advance. This will allow us to determine the scene. What do you do, the position where, from where, where watched, or to see in which direction.

The scene takes place, which could be built on the studio sets, such as living in the house like a porch, a living room, living room, bedroom, kitchen, or we use a part of building a proper home. The definition is not always to be home, but also the road or elsewhere.

Explanation of this sentence, but are useful for us in the scenarios also useful as a guide for the set builder sets in the studio or production unit for the building to building, which will serve as a set to meet the requirements of the scenario to find suit.

Synopsis

Before writing the script, we must ensure that the story creates a script. Not invent a story if the scenario is created. The history we can give a succinct but contain elements of character, time and place of incident, problem, problem and solution development. This is a summary.

Chronology Stories (Story Line)

If the summary, which we have made, will be developed into a scenario for a TV show with a duration of 24 minutes, we describe it again in a summary of the plot (plot) in four rounds (ACT) with a calculation interrupted the radio commercials will be as much as three times divided.

The purpose of the act is to developmental disorders and dramatic elements that can create are completed in one phase in each fragment sequence that ads less intrusive and creates a scene at the end that makes the audience want to know the rest.

hopefully with a few points above, it can help Beraudiovisual’s friends to be able to write a better scenario. Do not forget, Suit yourself while writing.

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Independent Film Production (Easy Ways to Filming)

Hello beraudiovisual's friends. As u know, playing with a handycam is a distinct predilection for the community lately. Popularity handycam sticking supported by the emergence of communities of independent (indie) filmmakers. There are many independent film community, such as the Audio Visual Communications (AVIKOM), Study Groups Make Movies (KBBF), Community of Documentary Film, Home Cinema, Etnorefrika and much more. Even Sampoerna was also have a program Make it easy for film students of junior high and high school, in a simple film-making manuals were already published in the form of VCD.
There are a variety of cameras that can be used to fulfill this hobby, from the manual to the digital. There have been many also offer other types of cameras which also can be used to record moving pictures, let's call him Handycam. The shape is more simple but its function is much more complete than previous cameras. From this beginning the emergence of communities of independent film makers that have sprung up, let's call him indie community.
beraudiovisual's friends, Community filmmakers do not have to follow the standard film-existing grip, but they always look for a different form of films on the market. The films produced were quite unique and desirable only certain circles.
In Surabaya, there is a documentary film community who every year hosts a festival of documentary films.
In 2010 and is the second year of making a documentary film festival (FFD) is. "The film we nominated a special award at the festival yesterday. Actually we just want to learn handycam to charge the Eid holiday, there are friends who invites trus make a movie to be included in last year's festival. Wow ... seruuu really! Besides a lot of experience know more about the courtiers, so I also know who they were in AJBS Surabaya,''said Rima one FFD participants who make the documentation about the courtiers with his friends. Simple documentation can be done by anyone, anytime, without being limited by the grip-specific standard.
Michael Rabiger said that the documentation process does not depend on the time that is past or recently, but can also be documentation of the future. Some elements in the documentary include: pay attention to the place and time, lifting the actual themes, as social criticism, convey the reality and actuality, to open one's mind and can also form a series of in-depth story. Some of those views can be used as a guide line to make a simple documentation.
Making the film was simple but not easy. Why? First, we must know what our goal filming itself.
Although filming a documentary though, we must know the purpose of filming the documentary. Why is it called a documentary because the documentary is identical with the realities of life, everything that is actual and not artificial. However, still the name that movie is an image make-fib.
It means we can arrange just about anything to get pictures as we want. Second, each must be accompanied by documentary film-depth research about the material that will be displayed. This research can be done with the interview, book study and others. Anyway, could collect as much data as possible about the topic and we will lift. In accordance with the breath of the documentary, it will be more interesting if we do not make make-homemade pictures.
From the research that later created the script a story that stated in the story board (picture story). From this start shooting using a handycam. Long-short adjusted images taken with the story board was created. Shooting technique need not be perfect because it will still have the editing process. Noteworthy in this shooting technique is the object which we take must be clearly visible and try to minimize backsound image. This process will resemble the image that we have taken a series of film.
In that film editing is usually an editor already proficient with the techniques used to effect the addition of filming a documentary to match the realities of actual life. An editor should be devoted to films made and not a movie devoted to the editor. That's about the process of making a documentary film was made.
Third, the documentary filming is simple because the equipment used was simple. Only armed with camcorders filming anything we can anywhere and anytime. No need sophisticated tools to make a movie. The cost was cheap too, only with a capital of two cassette camcorder everybody can already filming. One 60-minute tapes, so you can imagine how many pictures can be taken. So beraudiovisual's friends, does not hurt you to try.

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Review of The Documentary

Documentary
Much debate about the film, especially documentaries. The debate was still in the area around the basic understanding, whereas in countries where the documentary comes as France, Russia, Britain and others, the makers and teoritikusnya almost no longer talking about issues and facts of reality, but already more than that.

Beraudiovisual's friends, a decade later the phenomenon of filmmaking becomes stronger mainly due to the leap in video technology becomes a very affordable price. It's not strange when all of a sudden there are people who claim the director, whereas in the past things like that are very difficult to achieve. The development of this technology is also then makes the film is no longer exclusive, allowing anyone who can access it to make a movie.

Unfortunately it is not accompanied by a good understanding of film production itself, even the adoption of terms from the world of cinema in the west (United States) to be very arbitrary. For instance when one uses the term independent film maker, then almost everyone connected with the film translates as good as he thought. Some discussion did not even know where the term originated independently, to the extent that one is using words to search for that word Indies. And if you really read the history of film, especially in the United States, the term is not difficult to find even to its history.

Back again to the basic understanding of film production, a lot of filmmakers just know that when making the film grab a camera, shoot and get editing. In the world of documentary shooting themselves when they want to do is go to sources and interviews. After that they stayed to take pictures to match the contents of a modest interview. Now this can be seen, a lot of documentary makers were no longer understand about;

How do I tell a good one?
How to plan a documentary?
What is mise en scene to be recorded?
Is an important voice in the documentary?

But before any further into the issue, then it helps beraudiovisual's friends see first what the definition of documentary, so it can facilitate or help for those who want to start it.

Definition Documentary
Indeed the word comes from the writings of John Grierson when responding to the films by Robert Flaherty, particularly Nanook of the North. The film lasts approximately 1.5 hours was no longer 'storytelling' Hollywood-style. Grierson then reiterated his view that what was done by Flaherty is a creative treatment of actual events that exist (the creative treatment of actuality).

Although this definition is to survive long enough, then sprang up of people who try to define the way each of the (arbitrary) such as those gathered try the following:

1. Paul Rotha:

Documentary definition is not referring to the subject or a style, but the documentary is an approximation. Approach in the documentary film in the film is different from the story. Not because they do not care about aspects of the craft / kerajianan (craftsmanship) in manufacturing, but intentionally just to show how the craft is used.

2. Paul Wells:

Non-fiction text that uses actual footage-footage, which includes a direct recording of events that will be presented and research materials related to the event, such as interviews, statistics, etc.. Such texts are usually presented from the point of view and focus on a particular social issues that it's possible to be able to attract the attention of his audience.

4. Steve Blandford, Barry Keith Grant and Jim Hillier:

Filming of the subject is a community event or a situation that actually happened in the world of reality and the outside world of cinema.

(The Film Studies Dictionary, page 73).

5. Frank Beaver:

A non-fiction film. Documentary films are usually in-shoot in a real location, do not use actors and its theme focused on subjects such as history, science, social or environmental. Basic objective is to give enlightenment, member information, education, persuasion and provide insight into the world in which we live.

(Dictionary of Film Terms, page 119)

6. Louis Giannetti:

Unlike most fiction films, documentaries dealing with the facts, like people, places and events and not made. The documentary makers believe they 'create' the world in the movie as it is.

(Understanding Movies, 7th Edition, page 339)

7. Timothy Corrigan:

A non-fiction film about people and events, often ignoring the traditional narrative structure.

(A Short Guide to Writing About Film, 4th Edition, page 206).

8. Michael Rabinger:

The documentary should be made with care and not just with our minds alone. The documentary exists to change the way we feel.

9. Ralph S. Singleton and James A. Conrad:

Film of an actual event. The events are documented by using ordinary people and not actors.

(Filmmaker's Dictionary, 2nd Edition, page 94)

10. Edmund F. Penney:

A type of film that does the interpretation of the subject and the background is real. Sometimes the term is widely used to show realistic aspects than the conventional story films. However, this term also has become narrow because it often presents only a series of images with narration and soundtrack of real life.

(Facts on File Film and Broadcast Terms, page 73).

11. James Monaco:

The term with a very broad meaning, basically used to refer to films or television programs that are not at present entirely fictitious nature.

(The Dictionary of New Media, page 94)

12. Ira Konigsberg:

A film is directly related to a fact and non-fiction are trying to convey reality and not an engineered reality. Films like this care about people's behavior, a place or an activity.

(The Complete Film Dictionary, 2nd Edition, page 103).

13. Gerald Mast and Bruce F. Mate

A non-fiction film that organized the factual elements and present, with a specific purpose.

(A Short History of the Movies, 7th Edition, page 64).

14. David Bordwell and Kristin Thompson

Indeed, it is interesting is what was said by David Bordwell and Kristin Thompson in Film Art: An Introduction, 5th Edition. He said that the core of the documentary is to present factual information about the world beyond the film itself. The difference with fiction is no engineering in the making good of the characters (human), space (place), time and events.

15. Misbach Yusabiran

Misbach Yusabiran through Writer, Armantono once said that the documentary is a documentation prepared creatively and aim to influence (to persuade) the audience. With this definition, the documentary often become very close to the films that nuanced propaganda. 

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Parts of The DSLR Camera.

Hello beraudiovisual's friends. This time I will discuss in simple terms and the parts contained DSLR camera. DSLR cameras are digital single lens reflex, meaning is a camera with a digital system (using the processor, chip, memory, and technological sophistication in capturing the image) that uses one lens mounted on the camera body. Reflex mirror inside the camera will go up when you press the shutter button and when the image sensors inside cameras will record an image. It may also said to the camera with the operating system such as komputer. There are parts of DSLR cameras.
1. Eyepiece (base currency) = holder for our eyes while looking into the viewfinder.
2. Viewfinder (viewfinder) = viewfinder using the method pentaprisma (pentagon shape) which is placed above the optical path through the lens to the image sensor plate. incoming light then reflected upward by a mirror (mirror reflection) and the pentaprisma. pentaprisma then reflects light several times through the viewfinder (viewfinder). When the shutter button is released, the glass opens the way for the light so that light can directly on the image sensor.
3. Image sensor (sensor image capture) = a sensor that is used to process and capture an image contained in a camera. size there are a variety of sensors, ie APS-C sized 15x23mm, 19x29mm APS-H size, and FULL-FRAME 24x36mm (with large size movie).
4. Flash (light like blits) = flash is usually used to help us in taking photographs in the dark.
5. Hotshoe (flash external holder) = a holder for an external flash that is usually located in the middle of the camera body. 6. Lens (lens) = a lens mount that is embedded in the camera body (lens body can be removed and replaced dr) that serves to focus the light to be able to captured by the image sensor. on the outside of the lens there is usually a three-ring, which ring the focal length (for variable type lenses), aperture ring and focus ring. there are 5 characters that lens, wide (wide), macros (enlarge), telephoto (zoom), tilt & shift and fish eye. and there are 2 types of lens fix (can not be changed, such as 50mm) and zoom (there rangenya like, 17-85mm). lenses also have a feature is (image stabilizer) to dampen vibration of the hand and USM (ultrasonic motor) to accelerate the search and silent focusing. * Code type is usm canon DLSR cameras. these features in any other DSLR camera lenses also exist, but the code name of the other but with the same function.
7. Lenshood = an addition on the lens to reduce excess light, the impact of flares and a protective front surface of the lens, and also as an addition to the display lens to look more frightening. * Remember: the use of hood that does not correspond to the series lenses will cause vignetting (vignetting = black spots on the sides of the tip of the image).
8. LCD monitor (LCD display) = to view images and monitor the results of modes that we use to take pictures.
9. Focal point = if you look into the viewfinder, then you'll see a tiny dots scattered (the number of points depending on the type and model of camera) where the focal point for helping you find focus images would be taken.
The sections above are the standard DSLR camera. Of course, each part can be utilized, so let's take the picture.

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Period of Films

Hello beraudiovisual's friends. The show films in Indonesia has been known in 1990, because in that cinema advertising is contained in the papers. 're Filming, was unknown in the 1910s. It was limited to documentary filmmaking, film or film news reports. In 1926, then began making films in Bandung.
Throughout its development, Indonesia has many period films.
Trying Period (1926-1937) Filming of the story that began in Bandung at that time, suffered a very severe difficulties. Because, have to deal with films that have been first imported to dominate the market. Not to mention the foreign film-making process undertaken by BESA scale.

While the film we have to crawling to touch the edge cinema, looking for what is really desired by the public at the time. So, dicobalah various shapes and stories. National Film experiencing a long dry period and full of sacrifice.
Mute Films (1926-1930) Business filming the story begins (although still a mute) by Kruger with the title "Loe-toeng Kasaroeng" (1926), followed by Carli, both are of Dutch descent: live and open businesses in Bandung.
1928 in the land of merry meeting also emerged Wong Brother's from Shanghai. Their emergence seems to attract the attention of other Chinese entrepreneurs to move in the film industry. And in 1929 stood the company in Jakarta feature film called TAN'S FILM.
Movie Talk / Night (1931) In 1929, the first talking movie playing; and even then the movie American products. Two years later, in Indonesia tried making silent films by filmmakers in the country. Remarkably, all the equipment for the filming of his own sound contrived in Bandung. Of course the quality is not too good; however, Indonesia was perhaps the first to start make movies sound in Asia.
Came the movie "Nyai Dasima" (Jakarta 1931) first sound film. Followed then "Zuzter Theresia" (Bandung 1932).
With the entry of sound into the movie gives a distinct advantage for the audience and film producer. That is because the absence of a translator of foreign words in the film with the help of text, up to the movie more acceptable to viewers Indonesia us. The audience became more interested in the films made in the country, though his voice was a little noisy. Although the film attracted many domestic products in the audience, but has not been given adequate profits. Even if there is profit, and even then only limited revenues to cover production costs.
(Mey.s. Dai various sources-FFI Catalog 1981

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Rehearsal on TV Studio

Hello beraudiovisual's friends, now let us talk about TV Studio. A television production studio is in the production of highly complex, involving a lot of the production crew, equiment, and procedures that must be passed. In order for a production can run smoothly, then the rehearsal is the key. 

And the rehearsal is one step and prosdur production itself. The text below will take you, especially how the rehearsal for the television production studio. 

Rehearsal is the first stage of the pre-production when the process is completed. Rehearsal conducted by a team of production completely. Rehearsal with possible errors when shooting took place diminimalisair could not have expected even a few kesalahanpun later. Things that need to be in the rehearsal are: 

Timing 

Briefing Performers 

Props 

Shot Arrangement 

Audio & Lighting 

Unrehearsed / Rehearsed Studio Production 

Timing 

Television production will be the timing / time, estimated time can be predicted accurately as possible. Guide is a rundown of time that was made at the time of pre-production. In the live format, the time must surely be minute by minute and scond by scond. 

Briefing Performers 

One of the elements not a good television is how the event can make a total of scenes and dialogue in accordance script. So that such things can be achieved on all required briefing players / the event. Briefing done as much detail as possible. For example some cases even briefing not only on the content of course, because sometimes technical issue also needs to be known by the players. 

Props 

Property as part of the artistic administration must be prepared at the time of rehearsal. However, for this purpose can only use a dummy.

Shot Arrangement 

The shot could have been done at the time of rehearsal, always check the area in accordance with the shot that has been planned. With the shot can also see if the regulation is in conformity with artistic expected. Will also be related to the regulation lighting. 

Audio & Lighting 

As part of the production of audio-visual, audio and lighting must be a good attention. Always check if the audio is running correctly, because there are at least two problems that must be audio. First, the audio is in the studio area (for example the music). Second, the audio output will be used as an event. 

Procedure rehearsal 

In various types of television has almost the same during the rehearsal. There are no rules about how many times this activity is done, a great event for rehearsal sometimes done in a partial. At its core dilkakukan rehearsal to help make the process of shooting will be running smoothly. Done in a rehearsal last run Trough, according to the rundown made. There are three types of procedures done by the rehearsal penagarah events: 

Camera Blocking 

Here the director / referrer to control events from a control room. In the control room monitor is available from all the camera and monitor, and the preview program, with events such referrer can control how the camera full-placed camera. In this case the referrer will only be "down" to the field / studio if there is a case that it is very important for direct discussion with the crew. 

Floor Blocking 

Kebalikkannya Camera Blocking the method, this method of control over events referrer monitor in the studio. Thus, he could manage and direct the players to the event referrer control room during the taping. 

Problems in the rehearsal 

During the rehearsal will be many problems, even with such a mistake can be corrected as early as possible. The problem is anatara others: 

Shot 

If you do not get a shot of detail, so the friction is the subject or move the camera position or zoom in to perform. Similarly, if the set is not quite fit the position, can be set digeser to dishoot with good composition. 

Players 

If the players out of position in framming the things you can do is to give "marking" on the floor. And provide direction so that the events / players not to come out of the marking was made. Sometimes the wrong direction of the camera, this can be addressed with the request for the floor manager gave the cue to be facing the camera as desired. If many errors occur in the dialogue, use cue cards, prompter, and other tools. If there is another mistake? Yes, of course, do retake. But this method only applies to the taping, not directly to the event. 

Set Design 

Design and property must be considered carefully. Sometimes property is not too obvious or even light memmantulkan excessive. To overcome this in order to set up lighting, memcarai the other corner, color back property, or property with the hose with dulling spray. Another problem in the property is the color and tone that are less good, this can also be addressed with regulation lighting or modify the background.

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Television and Video programs

Hello beraudiovisual's friends. Production of a television and video programs are always starting from the idea or ideas, which then poured into a script or a script. The script is a foundation that is needed to make a video and television programs of any kind. Writing a script television and video programs that are based on an idea usually have a specific purpose, namely: 

• Providing information (to inform) 

• Providing inspiration (to inspire) 

• entertaining (to entertain) 

• propaganda 

This paper will discuss about how to write a script that includes television program the steps to be implemented, the form of a script, the format of the program and how to script writing. Before you learn more about the video script writing program, you first need to know the function of the script. 

FUNCTION OF SCRIPT

A script has a central role in the production of a video and television programs. Script function in the Production of television and video programs are as follows: 

• The concept of base (basic concept) 

• Direction (direction) 

• Preferences (reference) 

A script is a basic idea that is required in a video production program. The quality of a script is determining the end of a program. A script in general, contains a description or a description of the message or information that was delivered as the story flows, the main character figures, dramatization, role / extras, settings, and property or anything relating to the making of a video and television programs. 

A script in general used as a document that can lead director and work colleagues (crew) work completed in the video production program. Script a video program contains some information about the scenes involving actors, settings and property. Director and work colleagues need to comply with the content and flow of the story in a script 

A script can be used as reference by directors and relatives working to realize an idea or an idea into a video that communicative. All efforts in the creative director of production and work colleagues should refer to a script. 

Step by step of script writing 

Step writing a video program usually consists of a series of activities including: 

• Formulating ideas 

• Research 

• The outline 

• Writing synopsis 

• The treatment 

• Writing the script 

• Reviu script 

• finalization script 

The idea that a story will be made into television and video programs can be taken from the real story (true story) or non-fiction and fiction, or fiction. Many of the ideas can be inspired to write a script and video television. For example, the novel, the story real, and others. JFK is an example of movie film that was unearthed from one of murder of the youngest presidents in the United States. Oliver Stone, director at the same time the author uses many sources of information to make the film so that it can be bertutur objective. 

Research is needed after you have found an idea that will be made into a program. Research in this context is an effort to study and collect information related to the script will be written. Sources of information can be a book, newspaper or other publication and the person or persons who can give accurate information about the content or substance of which will be written. 

After the results of research or information collected, you can create a framework or outline of the information that you will pour into a script. Outline the general outline contains information that you will write a script. 

The next step is to make a brief synopsis or description of the program that you want to write. Synopsis and outline will help you focus on the development of ideas that you selected earlier. Synopsis of writing should be clear so that it can provide a description of the content of programs or video televis we will make. 

Must write a script based on a plan that has been created which includes the outline, synopsis and treatment. An author must have the creativity in developing a treatment to a script. Treatment that is well written with a strong foundation necessary to write a script. A treatment must include a clear description of the location, time, actors, scenes and property that will be recorded in a video program. Treatment also describes the sequence of sistematika or video or television program that will be produced. 

Writing a script is based on the treatment must be made. While in the author can write a script to make changes, but the changes should be done is not a substantive change. Changes should be creative and do not change the substance of the program. Therefore, the treatment must be firmly and clearly. In the author should consider writing a rule-rule script writing the truth. 

A draft manuscript that has been written should be completed to see the truth substansinya and also how the delivery of the message. Draft manuscript must be by people who understand the substance of the content of the program (content expert) and media experts (media specialist). 

Finalization of the script is a step before the end of the manuscript submitted to the producer and director for production. Script is the result of the final revision of the inputs provided by the expert content and media experts. 

INVESTMENT PROGRAM 

The form of the program can be defined as an approach that is used to convey information or content of the program to the audience (audience). The form of program that is used to show videos and television programs are very diverse, namely: 

• Drama 

• Documentary 

• Talk show 

• Demo 

• musical 

• Quiz 

• Features 

Drama 

The essence of a program of video and television called drama is the conflict of people - people involved (actors) in it. The program usually begins forming drama introduce the character of people - people involved in it, which was then followed by the conflict that was built in the dramatic actors are involved. Conflict is usually completed at the end of the story. The settlement of the conflict at the end of the story can be a happy ending, or vice versa. 

Documentary 

Is a documentary that tells about an event that was held previously. Example dokudrama film that we know is betrayal G-30s PKI been by a director Arifin C. Noer, Pearl Harbor and the works of Jerry Bruckheimer JFK. Directed and written by Oliver Stone. Film is an example - an example of the film is packed with the documentary form. 

Talk Show 

The program is a talk show program that shows the speaker, usually more than one person, to discuss a particular theme or topic. Program with the format of talk shows are usually guided by a moderator. Talk show program in order to be able to attract the audience that the speaker is involved in the program must have a different background, pro and contra, on the topics discussed. 

Demo 

An example program is a form of demonstration cooking or cooking tips to make cakes and automotive. The program is usually a demonstration or a prescription dipraktekan the procedural - step-by-step. Through the form of a demo program, viewers can learn and apply the skills (skills). 

Musical 

The program is a musical program that displays the music and dance as entertainment. Of course, you often see a musical program running in the television station. Many packaged programs that are used by television producers to show musical program. MTV programs such as the clip-show video clips of the popular music for young audiences. 

Quiz 

Other forms of the quiz program. At this time we can see a lot of TV programs in the quiz. The program usually contains shaped quiz challenge involving participants or even the audience to challenge it. Participants who successfully the challenges will get reward (prize) as a reward. Sample quiz program shaped a very known in the Berpacu melody that requires a candidate or participants to guess the title or creator of a song based on a fragment of a tone is played. Now this interactive quiz that many opportunities audience directly involved with the program running. 

Features 

Features a program that includes segments that are in the form of a presentation varies. A program shaped features usually discuss a topic of interest by using some form of presentation or the program. 

INVESTMENT SCRIPT

The form of a script can be classified based on the completeness of the information found therein, namely: 

• Framework script (script Rundown) 

• Semi script (Semi script) 

• Full Text (Full script) 

Rundown script is a script that contains only trace (outline) of the information will be communicated to the audience. A rundown on the script usually requires improvisation from the presenter or expert (expert), which will appear in the program. Semi script is the script that is more detailed rundown of the script. While the full script is the script that contains a complete and detailed information about the program yamg will be produced. In a full script that there is detailed information about actors, scenes. Setting and property. 

References 

Swain, D.V. and Swain, J.R. (1988). Film Scriptwriting: A Practical Manual. Boston: focal Press. 

Brady, J. (1981) The Craft of the Screenwriter. New York: Simon & Schuster. 

Blum, R.A. (1984). Television Writing from Concept to Contract. London: focal Press

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